高一下学期南京市大厂高级中学期中考试
英语试卷
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Incredible Women You Didn’t Learn About in History Class
Here are the stories of women you may not know about, but definitely should
◆Maria Sibylla Merian
Born in Germany in 1647, Merian was fascinated by insects, and she began collecting, studying, and drawing them when she was as young as 13. She was one of the few naturalists of her time to actually study live insects. It was through her study of caterpillars(毛毛虫) that she discovered the truth about their life cycles. Her work provided major contributions to the field of entomology（昆虫学）。
◆ Murasaki Shikibu
Murasaki Shikibu, a Japanese woman, was widely considered to be the world’s first novelist. She was a noble woman living in Japan around the year 1000 AD. She wrote a two-part novel called The Tale of Genji, which tells a riches-to-rags story about the son of a Japanese emperor forced to live as a common man. The Tale of Genji is widely considered to be a masterpiece of Japanese literature.
◆ Ada Lovelace
Ada was working to design early computing machines that she hoped would be able to quickly solve math problems. In addition to designing this early computer program, she also was first to suggest that these computers might be able to do more than, well, calculate. She imagined them doing everything, from producing images to composing music.
◆ Lucy Stone
Born in 1818, Stone married a fellow activist and changed her name, but decided to change it back a year later. She held the belief that “a wife should no more take her husband’s name than hers.” She became the first American married woman to keep her maiden name for her entire life. Stone was also one of the founding members of the American Equal Rights Association and fought for the ending of slavery.
1. What can readers learn about from The Tale of Genji?
A. Ancient Japanese culture.
B. Development of computer.
C. Research on living things.
D. Modern life of Japanese women.
2. What do Maria Sibylla Merian and Ada Lovelace have in common?
A. They were pioneers in computer.
B. They devoted themselves to science.
C. They created masterpieces of literature.
D. They made progress in studying Insects
3. Which of the following women fought for human rights?
A Lucy Stone B. Ada Lovelace
C. Murasaki Shikibu D. Maria Sibylla Merlan
B
When Peter Zhuo was a kid, he could barely hold pencil properly. He’d either wrap all his fingers around it or hold it uncomfortably between his middle and fourth finger. Through practice he managed to get it right when he was about eight. Now at 23, not only can he use a pencil competently, he’s using it to change the world, one stroke at a time.
Peter—who goes by the name Peter Draw felt the desire to draw with a purpose after meeting Daniel, a teenager with cerebral palsy(脑瘫), in November 2006. When Daniel first joined Peter’s drawing class at the Spastic Children’s Association of Singapore, Peter doubted if Daniel could even complete a drawing. But stroke by stroke the then 17-year-old did.
“His passion for drawing really touched me. I felt I should do more with my drawing and help children at the same time,” says Peter, who has since taken on some mega projects to raise awareness for his cause.
Last October, he earned a place in the Guinness Book of Records for drawing the world’s largest caricature(人物漫画). His 360-square-metre drawing of Hong Kong action star Jackie Chan is twice the size of the previous record. Peter completed it in just three-and-a-half hours while the previous record-holder took three days.
And in December, he took on the challenge of drawing caricatures for 24 hours non-stop in order to raise money for Habitat for Humanity, a nonprofit organization that builds homes for the less fortunate. Peter completed 952 sketches(素描) during the time. The event raised $ 6, 000 through donations and his accomplishment earned him a mention in the Singapore Book of Records.
4. When Peter was a kid, .
A. he had difficulty using his pencil B. he was unable to write a word
C. his fingers were flexible D. he couldn’t practice writing
5. After Peter met Daniel, he intended to .
A. learn drawing like Daniel B. help children through his drawing
C. become an action actor like Jackie Chan D. win a place in the Guinness Book of Records
6. The underlined word “mega” in Paragraph 3 may mean .
A. profitable B. impressive C. interesting D. scary
7. What do we know about Peter?
A. He donated$6,000 to build houses for the poor.
B. He drew the world’s largest caricature in three days.
C. He raised a lot of money for Daniel to treat his disease.
D. He drew 952 sketches in 24 hours to raise a lot of money.
C
A new study has found that braving the cold maybe a good way to help burn off some fat.
The research was carried out by scientists at Canada’s Laurentian University and focused on high-intensity interval training(HIIT). This format has grown in popularity of late due to the fat-burning benefits it brings and the team set out to explore how temperature might influence its effects.
The study involved 11 overweight adults who took part in two HIIT sessions a week apart. One of these was carried out in a “thermoneutral” environment with temperatures of around 70 °F(21℃),and the other at a cold 32 °F(0℃). The sessions consisted of 10 separate cycling race at 90 percent effort lasting one minute, followed by 90-second “recovery” periods of cycling at30 percent intensity.
After each session, the participants cooled down by gently cycling or walking, ate a nutrition bar before going to sleep and enjoyed a high-fat breakfast the morning after. During these sessions, the scientists monitored skin temperature, core body temperature, heart rate and the amount of oxygen. Blood samples were also drawn to help calculate fat burning rates following the breakfast the next day.
“The present study found that high-intensity exercise in the cold increased lipid oxidation (脂质氧化) by 358 percent in comparison to high-intensity exercise in a thermoneutral environment,”the team writes.
The authors also note that the idea that cold temperatures help us burn more fat during exercise will need further investigation (调查), though the first-of-a-kind study does indicate it’s a possibility worth pursuing.
8. What is good for burning off fat according to the study?
A. Cold food. B. Low temperature.
C. Hard workout. D. Cycling race.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Introduction to the study.
B. Some data in the study.
C. The participants in the study.
D. The process of the study.
10. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Further study needs to be done.
B. Doing exercise burns more fat.
C. The efforts of scientists are in vain.
D. The study result is unreasonable.
11. What of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. High-intensity Workouts Help Burn off Extra Calories
B. Cycling in the Cold Is a Great Way to Build upYour Body
C Study Shows Fat-burning Potential of Exercising in the Cold
D. Researchers Have Found More Fat-burning Workouts
